The Republic of Somaliland concerns the recent strategic military agreement, known as the Memorandum of Understanding, between Egypt and the Djibouti government. Both Egypt and Djibouti have historically opposed Somaliland’s pursuit of international recognition, viewing its restated independence as a challenge to their geopolitical interests in the Horn of Africa. This opposition not only hinders Somaliland’s aspirations for sovereign status but also poses a significant risk to the stability gained through its political achievements, which have been supported by Western powers, including the United States and various European Union countries.
The recent military agreement between Egypt and Djibouti has the potential to significantly elevate existing tensions in the Horn of Africa. Specifically, Ethiopia, Egypt, and Djibouti may view the increasing international support for Somaliland’s pursuit of formal recognition as a threat to their influence in the region. This perception could lead to a more aggressive posture towards Somaliland, a territory that has managed to maintain a relatively stable and peaceful environment since it restated independence in 1991. The implications of such actions could destabilize Somaliland, jeopardizing the hard-fought progress it has made in governance and peace-building over the decades. As regional dynamics shift, the reactions of these neighboring countries will be crucial in determining the future of Somaliland and the broader Horn of Africa.
The implications of this agreement extend beyond bilateral relations, raising critical questions about regional security and governance. As Egypt seeks to strengthen its military presence and influence in the Horn of Africa, the recognition of Somaliland’s sovereignty could be perceived as a direct threat to both its national interests and the strategic objectives of Djibouti, which serves as a key logistical hub with major foreign military bases.
This situation highlights the complex geopolitical dynamics in East Africa, especially concerning Somaliland’s pursuit of international recognition. Somaliland has restated its independence since 1991, but it faces significant challenges in gaining legitimacy on the global stage due to regional rivalries and strategic interests. For example, the government of Somalia views Somaliland’s independence as a threat to its territorial integrity and denies the legitimacy of the union that occurred in 1960, which was never ratified. Meanwhile, Ethiopia has historically engaged with Somaliland to reinforce trade routes and enhance regional security. The involvement of external powers, such as Turkey, Egypt, and China, adds further complexity to the situation. Ultimately, how these factors interact will greatly influence Somaliland’s future and the overall stability of the Horn of Africa, raising essential questions about international relations in the region. norms around self-determination and statehood are applied in a complex and shifting landscape.
The governments of Ethiopia and Somaliland should actively oversee and monitor the terms of the agreement, as it significantly impacts the economic interests and trade routes essential to both nations. Ethiopia, recognized as a major regional power, should play a crucial role in safeguarding the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, vital waterways for international trade and security. In this context, Somaliland expresses its desire for a collaborative partnership, inviting Ethiopia not only to support its sovereignty but also to enhance security measures based on a mutually beneficial and amicable agreement. This cooperation could lead to stronger trade ties, improved stability, and strategic advantages for both parties, promoting a more prosperous future in the Horn of Africa.
ENG.ABDI ALI BARKHAD
Independent Political Analyst
Hargeisa Somaliland tra50526@gmail.com 26/4/2025
Engineer Abdi Ali Barkhad is a retired Somali electrical engineer, political analyst, and writer known for his comprehensive commentary on the politics of the Horn of Africa and international relations. He has published numerous articles analyzing current policies in the region and is a staunch advocate for the cause of the Republic of Somaliland. His insights have been featured on platforms such as Araweelo News Network, among others.
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