Warbixin: Maxamed Cumar Cabdi (Cirro)
Sida culimada caafimaadku tilmaameen fayrasku waxa uu ka mid yahay waxyaabaha dhaliya cudurrada inta badan aan daawada lahayn, halka bagteeriyaduna ka tahay xannuun-dhaliye laga bogsan karo ama la wadayn karo, inkastoo cudur kastaaba yahay mid ku yimaad qaddarka Ilaahay, mid dawo leh iyo mid aan dawo loo helinba, balse waxa la ogyahay in fayraska iyo bagteeriyaduna aanay ahayn cudurro ama xannuun, laakiin ay yihiin ukunta cudduradu ka dillaacaan.
Haddaba, waxa xilligan muuqda in aannu fayrasku ahayn mid xannuun ama cudur-dhaliye ah, laakiin uu isku beddeli karo inuu noqdo khilaaf-dhaliye, iyadoo ay caddahay in aannu khilaafku ahayn cudur jira, waase mid ka dhasha arrrin la isku afgaran waayo, kaasoo sababi kara amni-darro ama in xaaladuhu faraha ka baxaan haddii aan dawo loo helin.
Qodobka 83-aad ee Dastuurka Somaliland waxa uu si guud uga hadlay arrimo muhiim ah oo la xidhiidha habka doorashada Madaxweynaha iyo Madaxweyne-ku-xigeenka Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland, isagoo qodobkaasi tilmaamaya in Madaxweynaha iyo Ku-xigeenkiisu ay xilka ku wareejin karaan Madaxweyne iyo Ku-xigeen la doortay.
Haseyeeshee, qaybta fayraska ee qodobkaas ku jirtaa waa farqaddiisa 5-aad oo u qoran sidan; ‘Haddii ay suurtoobi weydo duruufo Ia xidhiidha nabadgelyada darteed in la qabto doorashada Madaxweynaha iyo Ku-xigeenka Madaxweynaha marka muddadii xilkoodu dhammaato, waxa Golaha Guurtida waajib ku ah inay muddada xilka u kordhiyaan Madaxweynaha iyo Ku-xigeenka Madaxweynaha, iyaga oo tixgelinaya muddada dhibaatada lagaga gudbi karo, doorashaduna ku qabsoomi karto.’
Prof. Maxamed Siciid Gees oo ka mid ah siyaasiyiinta aqoonyahanka ee reer Somaliland, ayaa qormooyinkiisa Dharaaro Xusuustood ku sheegay in faylasuuf u dhashay dalka Spain, cilmiga falsafaddana ka dhigi jiray Jaamacadda weyn ee Harvard University ee waddanka Maraykanka uu hal-hays u lahaan jiray odhaah ah; ‘Those who cannot remember the past, are doomed to repeat it.’ Macnaheeduna yahay ‘Kuwa xusuusan kari waaya, waayihii soo maray, waxay ku inkaaran yihiin inay dib ugu noqdaan.” Waa kii abwaan Maxamuud Ismaaciil Qaasim-na lahaa “Ma raadkaan dorraad dhigaan dib ugu soo laabtay?”
Qormadan kooban uguma talogelin in aan cid gaar ah ku dhaliilo, koox gaar ahna ugu hiiliyo, hase ahaatee waa mid si guud u iftiiminaysa dhibka iyo muranka ummadda Somaliland kala kulmaan qodobka 83-aad ee Distoorka, gaar ahaan farqaddiisa 5-aad oo waajibiya in muddo-kordhin loo samayn karo Madaxweynaha iyo Madaxweyne-ku-xigeenka haddii doorashooyinku ku qabsoomi waayaan waqtiga loogu talogalay, arrintaasoo aan ku sifeeyey inay tahay fayras ama khilaaf-dhaliye markastoo la adeegsado dhaawac u gaysta hannaanka dimoqraaddiyadeed ee ka hano-qaaday dalka Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland.
Fayraska ku jira qodobka 83-aad waxa uu dhibka iyo ceebta la doontay Golaha Guurtida oo si gaar ah qodobkaasi awood ugu siiyey muddo-kordhinta Goleyaasha Qaranka (madaxtooyada iyo baarlamaanks), markasta oo muddo-kordhin la sameeyana waxa xisbiyada waqtigaas mucaaridka ah dhaliil iyo cambaarayn dusha ka saaraan Aqalka Odayaasha, balse lagama hadlo, lagamana tashado sidii aan mar dambe loogu baahdeen adeegsiga farqadda 5-aad ee qodobkan 83-aad, maalmo ama bilo kooban gudahoodna waa lagu illaawaa xannuunka iyo khilaafka ka dhashay xannuunka fayraska qodobkaasi sababo.
Intii ka dambaysay xilligii aftida dadweyne lagu ansixiyey Dastuurka Somaliland sannadkii 2001, waxa qodobkaas la adeegsaday dhawr jeer oo kala duwan, xilkana loogu kordhiyey Madaxweynaha iyo Madaxweyne-ku-xigeenka.
Muddo-kordhintii u horreysay Golaha Guurtidu u sameeyey xukuumaddii UDUB oo la doortay sannadkii 2003, xilkuna kaga buuxay 2007, iyadoo Madaxweyne Rayaale iyo ku-xigeenkiisii Axmed Yuusuf Yaasiin xilka loogu kordhiyey muddo lix bilood iyo 29 maalmood ah markii ay dhammaatay muddadii rasmiga ahayd ee la doortay, waxana loo sharciyeeyey inay xilka sii hayaan ilaa 29-ka September 2009-ka.
Fayraska gunta ugu jira qodobka 83-aad ee dastuurku halkaas kuma dhammaan, balse mar kale ayuu haddana dib u soo laba-kacleeyey kadib markii la gaadhay xilligii loo kordhiyey Rayaale, doorashaduna qabsoomi weyday sannadkii 2009, waxaannu fayraskaasi sababay xiisad iyo xummad siyaasadeed oo gilgishay Somaliland, iyadoo labadii xisbi mucaarid ee waqtigaas oo KULMIYE iyo UCID ku baaqeen inay samayn doonaan dowlad-wadaag ah haddii markale muddo-kordhin loo sameeyo Rayaale.
Buuqaas siyaasadeed iyo xaaladda oo sii xumaatay, ayaa keentay in saddexdii xisbi ee KULMIYE, UDUB iyo UCID ay yeeshaan shirar lagaga tashanayo qalalaasaha dalka saameeyey, nasiib-darro se wax heshiis ah way gaadhi waayeen, taasoo dhalisay in ay markii dambe soo dhex galeen qaadhaan-bixiyeyaasha Somaliland ka taageera arrimaha dimoqraaddiyadda iyo doorashooyinka, kuwaasoo danaynayey in xal laga gaadho murankii siyaasadeed ee u dhexeeyey mucaaridka iyo xukuumaddii Rayaale, waxana dhexdhexaadintaas ka dhashay heshiis lix qodob ka koobnaa oo mucaaridka iyo xukuumaddii UDUB kala saxeexdeen bishii September 2009.
Markale ayaa haddana la adeegsaday farqadda 5-aad ee qodobka ee 83-aad ee dastuurka, iyadoo fadhi Golaha Guurtidu yeeshay25 September 2009, kana qaybgaleen 78 xildhibaan lagu go’aamiyey in muddo-kordhinta xukuumaddii Rayaale ka bilaabanto 29 October 2009, go’aankaasoo ahaa mid mucaaridka iyo muxaafidkuba ku qanacsanaayeen, waxayna doorashadii madaxtooyadu qabsoontay 26 June 2010, iyagoo Rayaale iyo ku-xigeenkiisii Axmed Yuusuf Yaasiin xilka ku wareejiyeen Madaxweyne Siilaanyo iyo Saylici taariikhdu markii ay ahayd 27 July 2010.
Waxa kaloo la ogyahay in haddana mar kale ay qabsoomi weyday doorashadii Madaxtooyada oo u muddaysnayd 26 June 2015, waxaanna muddo-kordhin loo sameeyey Madaxweyne Silaanyo iyo Ku-xigeenkiisa, taasoo ka bilaabmaysay 28 July 2015, kuna buuxday 27 April 2017. Waxa nasiib-darro ah in hadda doorashadii qabsoomi wayday, lana sameeyey muddo-kordhin kale oo muddo-xileedka Madaxweynaha iyo Madaxweyne-ku-xigeenka loogu kordhiyey 13 December 2017, iyadoo ay tahay in doorashadana la qabto bil ka hor muddada dhammaadka xilka Madaxweynaha. Labadaas jeer ee muddo-kordhinta loo sameeyey xukuumaddii Siilaanyo, waxay keentay in doorashada Madaxtooyadu qabsoonto 13 November 2017, waxaanna Madaxweyne loo doortay Md. Muuse Biixi Cabdi oo xilka la wareegay 13 December 2017, iyadoo ay Madaxweynaha iyo Madaxweyne-ku-xigeenka hadda xilka haya ay muddadu ka dhammaanayso bisha December ee sannadka 2022, haddii Ilaahay yidhaahdo.
Fayraska qodobka 42aad ee Dastuurka iyo inta jeer ee Guurtidu adeegsatay:
Dhibka xilligan ka taagan Somaliland maaha oo qudha qodobka 83-aad ee dastuurka, balse, waxa isna jira qodobka 42-aad oo ka hadla nidaamka doorashada Golaha Wakiillada iyo in guurtidu muddo-kordhin u samayn karto haddii doorashado qabsoomi weydo xilliga loo muddeeyey, waxaanna farqadda 3-aad ee qodobkaas u dhigan yahay sidan; ‘Haddii doorashada Golaha Wakiilladu ku qabsoomi weydo duruufo adag awgeed, golaha hore ayaa xilka sii haynaya inta ay ka dhammaanayso duruuftaasi, lagana dooranayo Gole cusub. Duruufaha adag waa: dagaal baahsan, xasillooni-darro gudaha ah, aafo dabiici ah oo culus sida dhul-gariir, cudurrada faafa, abaaro culus; waxana qiimaynaya, kana go’aan gaadhaya Golaha Guurtida, kadib marka Golaha Xukummaddu sidaa soo jeediyo.’
Sida cad ee lagu waajibiyey in Golaha Guurtidu u kordhin karaan muddada Golaha Wakiillada, waxa qodobka 42aad ee Dastuurka qudhiisu noqday fayras khilaaf-dhaliye ah, kaasoo dhaawacay hannaanka dimoqraaddiyadeed iyo xaqa muwaaddiniintu u leeyihiin inay cod ku doortaan wakiillada u metelaya waaxda xeer-dejinta, gaar ahaan Golaha Wakiillada, iyadoo markii u horraysay qodobkaas la adeegsaday ahayd markii xilku ka dhammaaday mudanayaashii beeluhu soo xusheen sannadkii 1997 ee Golaha Wakiillada, muddaduna kaga buuxday bishii May 2002, waxana waqtigaas Guurtida oo qodobka 42aad adeegsatay muddo hal sanno ah u kordhiyeen Wakiillada.
Waxa si rasmi ah cod dadweyne loogu doortay Golaha Wakiillada Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland 29 September 2005, kuwaasoo sharcigu jideeyey inay muddo shan sanno ah xilka hayaan, waxayna muddadoodu ku dhammaatay 29 September 2010, iyadoo aanay wax doorasho ah qabsoomin, ayaa la adeegsaday qodobka 42aad ee dastuurka, kuwaasoo Golaha Guurtidu xilka ugu kordhiyeen fadhi ay yeesheen 07 September 2010, waxaanna xilka loogu kordhiyey muddo laba sanno iyo 8 bilood ah.
Hadda xasuusnoow oo markasta oo Golaha Wakiillada xilka loo kordhiyo, si toos ah ayey Golaha Guurtida-na muddadu ugu kordhaysaa, maadaama oo sharcigu dhigayo in guurtidu markasta muddo sannad ah ka xilka kaga dambeeyaan Golaha Wakiillada.
Muddada Golaha Wakiillada loo kordhiyey oo ku buuxday 30 May 2013, ayaa Golaha Guurtida Somaliland, ay mar kale haddana adeegsaday qodobka 42-aad ee dastuurka, waxayna fadhi ay yeesheen 15 April 2013 muddada ugu kordhiyeen Golaha Wakiillada, kadib markii ay qoraal soo jeedin ah oo muddo-kordhintaas lagu dalbaday ka heleen Madaxweynaha Somaliland Md. Axmed Maxamed Maxamuud (Siilaanyo) 8 April 2013.
Codsigaas Madaxweyne Siilaanyo kadib waxa xildhibaannada Guurtidu ansixiyeen muddo-kordhinta Golaha Wakiillada, loona sharciyeeyey inay meesha sii fadhiyaan 2 sanno, bil iyo 27 maalmood ah, kuna buuxda 27 July 2015, iyadoo hadda isla maalintaas ay guurtidu xilka isku kordhiyeen muddo saddex sanno ah. Muddadaas wax doorasho ah kuma qabsoomin, waxayna taasi sababtay in haddana mar kale Golaha Wakiillada loo sameeyo muddo-kordhin ka bilaabaysa 28 July 2015 illa 27 April 2017. Taariikhdu markay ahayd 6 March 2017 ayaa fadhi Golaha Guurtidu yeeshay ay haddana muddo-kordhin ugu sameeyeen Golaha Wakiillada, taasoo ku buuxda 28 April 2019, bil ka horna doorashu ku qabsoomayso, halka sidoo kale isla maalintaas muddada loogu kordhiyey Golayaasha Degaanka oo la sharciyeeyey in doorashadoodu mar qudha la qabsoonto Golaha Wakiillada.
Hasayeeshee, Guddida Doorashooyinka Qaranka Somaliland, ayaa saxaafadda u xaqiijiyey 25 November 2018, in aanay doorashada Golaha Wakiillada iyo Golayaasha Degaanku ku qabsoomayn xilliga ay u muddaysan yihiin oo ah 29 March 2019, iyadoo taasina sababtay in haddana mar kale la adeegsaday qodobka 42-aad ee Dastuurka, muddo-kordhin kalena loogu sameeyey Golaha Wakiillada, iyadoo loo muddeeyey in doorashadoodu qabsoonto 12 December 2019, balse Guddida Doorashooyinka Qaranka, ayaa ku dhawaaqay Khamiista maanta ee taariikhdu tahay 08 August 2019 in aanay doorashada Golaha Wakiillada iyo Golayaasha Degaanku qabsoomi karin xiliga ay u muddaysan yihiin oo ah 12 December 2019.
Labada qodob ee 83-aad iyo 42-aad ee dastuurku waa fayras khilaaf-dhaliye ah oo dhibaato ku haya hannaanka dimuqraadiyadeed iyo nidaamka doorashooyinka xorta iyo xalaasha ah ee dalka Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland, fayraskaas oo markasta oo labadaas qodob la adeegsado ku faafa degaannada Somaliland, isla markaana dhaliya xannuun la yidhaah khilaaf siyaasadeed oo hab saf mar ah u wada taabta dadka, gaar ahaan waxa, xannuunkaasi si gaar ah u asiibaa hadba masuuliyiinta mucaaridka ah, inkastoo muxaafidka ama kolba xisbiga talada haya dhib dalka gudihiisa iyo dibadiisa ah kala kulmo fayraskaas iyo xannuunkiisaba.
Xannuunka siyaasiga ah ee ka dhasha fayraska 83-aad iyo 42-aad inta badan ma noqdo mid dila ama sababa in qarannimada Somaliland u geeriyooto, balse, markasta oo fayraskaasi yimaad waxa u geeriyooda dhawr qof oo rayid ah, iyadoo sidoo kale cudurkaasi caato ka dhigo dimuqraaddiyadda lagu ammaano Somaliland, taasoo muddo ka dib marka la yara buulleeyo, lana xannaaneeyo si degdeg ah u naaxda, laakiin haddii aan fayraskaas dawo degdeg ah loo helin waxa uu aakhirka sababi karaa cudur ballaadhan oo meesha ka saara isku duubnida dadweynaha, keenaya colaado halis ku ah xasiloonida iyo amniga ka jira Somaliland.
Haddaba, waxa aan soo jeedin lahaa in laga wada-tashado sidii looga gudbi lahaa muddo-kordhinta ku xusan dastuurka, lagana fikiro qorshe kale oo lagu xallin karo dib-u-dhacyada doorashooyinka, iyadoo meesha laga saarayo in muddo-kordhin loo sameeyo Gole ama Madaxweyne muddadu ka dhammaatay, waanna in la helo tab iyo xeelad kale oo xilkaas si ku-meel-gaadh ah loogu buuxiyo, kadibna ciddaas xilka la saaray lagu waajibiyo inay ka shaqayso sidii loo qaban lahaa doorasho hal qof iyo hal cod ah.
Tifaftiraha wargeyska Jamhuuriya Maxamed Cumar Cabdi (Cirro), Hargeysa, Somaliland
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